Lynnwood is a city in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. The city is part of the Seattle metropolitan area and is located 16 miles (26 km) north of Seattle and 13 miles (21 km) south of Everett, near the junction of Interstate 5 and Interstate 405. It is the fourth-largest city in Snohomish County, with a population of 36,485 in the 2010 U.S. census.
Lynnwood is considered suburban in nature and acts as a bedroom community for job centers in Seattle, Everett and Bellevue. It has one of the largest concentrations of retail in the region, anchored by the Alderwood Mall and businesses along major streets. The city also has a community college, a convention center, and a major transit center, located in the developing city center.
The Lynnwood area was logged and settled by homesteaders in the late 19th century and early 20th century, including the development of Alderwood Manor as a planned farming community. Lynnwood, named for the wife of a realtor, emerged in the late 1940s around the intersection of Highway 99 and 196th Street Southwest. The city was incorporated on April 23, 1959, and grew into a suburban hub in the years following the completion of Interstate 5 and Interstate 405. Alderwood Mall opened in 1979 and spurred the transformation of eastern Lynnwood into a retail and office district.
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History
Prior to contact with American settlers, the Snohomish tribe of Native Americans used the area of modern-day Lynnwood for summertime activities, including hunting, fishing, berry gathering, and root cultivation. The Snohomish were relocated to the Tulalip reservation, near modern-day Marysville, after the signing of the Treaty of Point Elliott in 1855, opening the area for American settlement.
Brown's Bay, part of Puget Sound, and modern-day Meadowdale were surveyed by American loggers in 1859. Logging on Brown's Bay began in 1860, and the first American settlers arrived in the 1880s. Scottish-born stonemason Duncan Hunter became the area's first non-Indian resident in 1889, filing an 80-acre (32 ha) land claim on modern-day 36th Avenue Southwest after moving west from Wisconsin. The claim was inherited by Hunter's son Basil, who lived on the property until his death in 1982; it was later turned into the city's Pioneer Park in the late 1980s. Hunter was joined to the east by a claim from William Morrice, a fellow stonemason from Aberdeen, Scotland, at the site of present-day Alderwood Mall. Settlers from Pennsylvania homesteaded along Cedar Valley, to the south of Hunter and Morrice, and near Scriber Lake (named for Peter Schreiber) in 1888, leading to the establishment of the area's first schoolhouse in 1895.
During the early 20th century, the Lynnwood area was gradually logged by private companies and mill operators, leaving behind plots with tree stumps. The arrival of the Seattle-Everett Interurban Railway in 1910 brought reliable transportation to the area, as well as real estate speculators. The Puget Mill Company, then the largest landowner in southern Snohomish County, established the planned community of "Alderwood Manor" in 1917 and marketed the area to urban dwellers wishing to build farms in the countryside. Alderwood Manor, located near an Interurban station, gained streets named for tree species and was divided into 5-to-10-acre (2.0 to 4.0 ha) plots that sold for $200 per acre. A 30-acre (12 ha) "demonstration farm" was built to educate new residents on raising crops and chickens, as well as market the Alderwood Manor plots to "Little Landers", a nickname for the new residents. Alderwood Manor grew to over 1,463 people and 200,000 hens by 1922, and had electricity and telephone services to most of its residents.
The Puget Mill Company leased out its demonstration farm in 1933 and ceased operations at Alderwood Manor later in the decade, amid declining sales during the Great Depression. At the same time, the opening of the Pacific Highway (modern-day Highway 99) in 1927 and the decline of Interurban service in the 1930s shifted the center of economic growth west near Scriber Lake. Seattle realtor Karl O'Brien filed a plat along Highway 99 at 196th Street Southwest in 1937, naming the development "Lynnwood" after his wife Lynn. Nearby businesses adopted the name during the 1940s, leading to the formal use of "Lynnwood" by the chamber of commerce in 1946, instead of the suggested "West Alderwood".
Lynnwood gained its first post office in 1948, after a successful lobbying campaign by the Lynnwood Commercial Club. Throughout the early 1950s, Lynnwood saw slow residential development, in part because of the lack of sewers and other municipal services. In 1956, a committee to study incorporating Lynnwood as a city was formed, proposing an area of 6.7 square miles (17 km2) and population of 10,744 for the new city. A petition to incorporate was signed by 600 voters and submitted early the following year, proposing a 6-square-mile (16 km2) city; during the early months of 1958, several property owners asked to be removed from the proposal over disinterest in the Lynnwood group. An incorporation measure was put before voters on the November 1958, failing by a narrow margin of 890 to 848 votes.
A second attempt at incorporation, with a revised size of 3 square miles (7.8 km2) and population of 6,000, was approved by a 2-to-1 margin on April 14, 1959. The successful incorporation was credited partially to the movement of dilapidated homes and structures from the right of way of Interstate 5, to be built through Alderwood Manor, into the Lynnwood area at the behest of the county government. Realtor Jack Bennett was elected the city's first mayor, and the city council first met on April 20. The city charter was approved by the county commissioners on April 23, 1959, marking Lynnwood's official incorporation as a third-class city.
Lynnwood began offering municipal services in its first years, opening a sewage treatment plant, a public park, new streets, and acquiring a water system from the Alderwood Water District. The city began building its 18-acre (7.3 ha) civic center complex in 1969, shortly after the approval of a bond issue to finance the $1.5 million project. The civic center, located at 44th Avenue West and 194th Street Southwest, came after a decade in leased facilities scattered around the city center. The first buildings on the campus, including the city hall and public library, opened in 1971. Later expansions to the civic center added a police station, a municipal courthouse, and an indoor recreation center.
The opening of Interstate 5 in 1965 moved the commercial center of Lynnwood east towards Alderwood Manor, which culminated in the proposed construction of a large shopping mall in 1968. The 130-acre (53 ha) mall, named Alderwood Mall and developed by Allied Stores, was put on hold during the local recession of the early 1970s and was later sold to shopping mall developer Edward J. DeBartolo Sr. in 1976. Alderwood Mall opened on October 4, 1979, sparking a major retail and residential boom in the Lynnwood area in the early 1980s. The Swamp Creek Interchange at Interstate 5 and Interstate 405 was completed in 1984, creating a new regional connection to Alderwood and Lynnwood from the Eastside region of King County.
During the 1980s, Lynnwood gained its first of several office parks, housing high-tech companies expanding from the Eastside and the Canyon Park area of Bothell. Shopping areas developed around Alderwood Mall at the same time, creating the county's largest retail center, and new housing areas spread out from the city limits of Lynnwood. Despite the development boom of unincorporated areas surrounding Lynnwood, growth within the city itself slowed in the 1980s and 1990s, attributed to few annexations and slow natural growth.
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Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of Lynnwood has a total area of 7.86 square miles (20.36 km2), of which 7.84 square miles (20.31 km2) is land and 0.02 square miles (0.05 km2) is water. The city is in the southwestern part of Snohomish County in Western Washington, and is considered part of the Seattle metropolitan area. It is at the junction of Interstate 5 and Interstate 405, approximately 16 miles (26 km) north of Seattle, 19 miles (31 km) northwest of Bellevue, and 13 miles (21 km) south of Everett.
Lynnwood's city limits are roughly defined to south by Mountlake Terrace at 212th Street Southwest and the Interurban Trail; to the west by Edmonds along 76th Avenue West and Olympic View Drive; to the north by the unincorporated Picnic Point-North Lynnwood area, near 164th Street Southwest; and to the east and south by the unincorporated Alderwood Manor, along State Route 525 and Interstate 5. The city's urban growth area (UGA) includes Alderwood Manor and part of North Lynnwood, extending east to Locust Way and Mill Creek, and north to the Mukilteo UGA at 148th Street Southwest.
Lynnwood is situated 300 to 600 feet (91 to 183 m) on a plateau above Puget Sound, which lies to the city's west, and consists of several hills and valleys. The city has 18 identified drainage basins, most of which drain into Swamp Creek or Puget Sound via Lund's Gulch. Other natural features within Lynnwood include Scriber Lake and Hall Lake. One of the highest hills in the Seattle area is 649-foot (198 m) Lake Serene Hill, near the lake of the same name.
City Center
Lynnwood developed in the 20th century without a defined central business district, like other suburban cities and unlike older cities like Edmonds and Everett. The main retail and commercial corridor of the city is the "Lynnwood Triangle", bordered to the east by Interstate 5, to the south by Southwest 196th Street, and to the west by 44th Avenue West. The "Triangle" area has been proposed as the site of a true city center for Lynnwood since the 1980s, including planning for a future light rail station and high-density development surrounding it.
The City of Lynnwood adopted its City Center Subarea Plan in 2007, intending to re-develop a 300-acre (120 ha) area between Lynnwood Transit Center and Alderwood Mall into a central business district.
Landmarks
Alderwood is a regional shopping mall in Lynnwood. It is anchored by J.C. Penney, Macy's, and Nordstrom, and comprises a traditional enclosed mall and two open-air areas known as The Village and The Terraces. General Growth Properties manages and co-owns the property with an institutional investor. Alderwood is Snohomish County's largest malls and one of the major malls in the Puget Sound Region.
The Lynnwood Convention Center opened in 2005 on 196th St SW. With 34,000 square feet of flexible meeting space, the Lynnwood Convention Center can accommodate groups from 20 to 2,500.
Economy
As of 2015, Lynnwood has an estimated 19,095 residents who were in the workforce, either employed or unemployed. Only 12 percent of Lynnwood residents work within city limits, while approximately 31 percent commute to Seattle, 9 percent to Everett, 6 percent to Bellevue, and 4 percent to Edmonds. Regional job centers in Downtown Seattle, the Boeing assembly plant near Paine Field in Everett, Downtown Bellevue, and the Microsoft Redmond Campus employ the majority of Lynnwood workers. The average one-way commute for Lynnwood workers in 2015 was approximately 30 minutes; 69 percent of workers drove alone to their workplace, while 12 percent carpooled, and 10 percent used public transit. The largest industry of employment for Lynnwood workers are educational services and health care, with approximately 23 percent, followed by retail (15%), food services (13%), and professional services (12%).
Lynnwood is also a major job center for Snohomish County, with approximately 24,767 jobs in 2012, but only 7 percent of workers in Lynnwood live within the city limits.
Demographics
The 1960 census counted 7,207 residents within Lynnwood city limits. From 1970 to 1990, the city's population nearly doubled, fueled by annexations and suburban development.
2010 census
As of the 2010 census, there were 35,836 people, 13,950 households, and 8,501 families residing in the city of Lynnwood. The population density was 4,570.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,764.8/km2). There were 14,939 housing units at an average density of 1,905.5 per square mile (735.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 68.2% White (58.6% Non-Hispanic White), 5.5% African American, 1.1% Native American, 17.3% Asian, 0.5% Pacific Islander, 6.6% from other races, and 5.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13.3% of the population.
There were 14,107 households of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.6% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.7% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.50 and the average family size was 4.87.
The median age in the city was 37.3 years. 21.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28% were from 25 to 44; 26.2% were from 45 to 64; and 13.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49% male and 51% female.
2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 33,847 people, 13,328 households, and 8,330 families residing in the city of Marysville. The population density was 4,431.2 people per square mile (1,710.5/km2). There were 13,808 housing units at an average density of 1,807.7 per square mile (697.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 74.3% White, 3.3% African American, 1.0% Native American, 13.87% Asian, 0.40% Pacific Islander, 2.80% from other races, and 4.35% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 29.96% of the population.
There were 13,328 households out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.3% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.13.
In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 24.4% under the age of 18, 10.4% from 18 to 24, 32.1% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $22,814, and the median income for a family was $21,825. Males had a median income of $27,395 versus $30,070 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,971. About 16.2% of families and 23.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under age 18 and 12.2% of those age 65 or over.
Crime
In 2015, Lynnwood had 81 violent crimes reported to law enforcement, as well as 2,162 reports of property crimes. The city's violent crime rate was 220 per 100,000 people, ranking below the national and state averages; the property crime rate of 5,861 per 100,000 people was significantly above the national and state averages. Lynnwood has a relatively low overall crime rate compared to cities of the same size in Washington state, but ranks high for property crime, particularly larceny. The city's crime rate has declined between 2010 and 2015.
Government and politics
Lynnwood is defined as a non-charter code city and operates under a mayor-council government, with a full-time mayor and city council elected by residents. The mayor serves a four-year term, with no term limits, and is joined in the Executive Department by an Executive Assistant and Assistant City Administrator. The current mayor of Lynnwood is Nicola Smith, the former dean of Edmonds Community College, who was elected in 2013.
The Lynnwood city council is composed of seven residents who are elected in at-large, non-partisan elections to four-year terms that are staggered every two years. The council also appoints a city manager to oversee city operations. The council meets twice per month on Mondays in a chamber at Lynnwood's city hall. According to the Washington State Auditor, Lynnwood's municipal government employs 373 people full-time and operates on a biennial budget of $197.5 million. The municipal government provides emergency services, water and sewage utilities, street maintenance, parks and recreation, and the municipal court and jail.
At the federal level, Lynnwood has part of Washington's 2nd congressional district since 2012, represented by Democrat Rick Larsen. Prior to the 2012 redistricting in Washington, Lynnwood was part of the 1st congressional district, represented by Jay Inslee. At the state level, the city has part of the 32nd legislative district since 2012, and is represented by senator Maralyn Chase, and representatives Cindy Ryu and Ruth Kagi. Lynnwood is wholly part of the Snohomish County Council's 3rd district, represented by former Lynnwood city councilwoman Stephanie Wright since her appointment in 2010.
Education
Public schools in Lynnwood are operated by the Edmonds School District, which also serves the cities of Edmonds, Mountlake Terrace, and Woodway. The district had an enrollment of approximately 20,847 students in 2014 and has 41 schools, of which 16 are located in or around Lynnwood. The Edmonds School District has three high schools located in the Lynnwood area: Lynnwood High School, Meadowdale High School, and Scriber Lake High School.
Lynnwood is also home to two post-secondary educational institutions. Edmonds Community College, established in 1967, offers two-year degree programs and other services. It enrolls an average of 11,100 students per quarter. Central Washington University offers four-year bachelor's degrees in select programs at its Lynnwood campus, which it has shared with Edmonds Community College since 1975.
Lynnwood also has several private schools, both religious and secular, including The Soundview School, St, Thomas More Parish, and the Brighton School.
Culture
Parks and recreation
The city of Lynnwood has over 350 acres (140 ha) of open space in 19 community and neighborhood parks, as well as 14 miles (23 km) of recreational trails. Part of the open space is set aside as natural conservation areas, including Lund's Gulch and Scriber Creek. The city also has special recreational facilities, including a municipal golf course, skate park, and a senior center. Central Lynnwood has two major parks: the Scriber Lake nature reserve; and Wilcox Park, the first park in the city, established in 1962.
Media
From 1958 to 2012, Lynnwood and southern Snohomish County were served by a weekly newspaper, The Enterprise. The newspaper was acquired by The Everett Herald in 1996 and renamed to The Weekly Herald in 2011. The Weekly Herald published its final issue on August 29, 2012.
Lynnwood is also part of the Seattle-Tacoma media market, and is served by Seattle-based media outlets including The Seattle Times; broadcast television stations KOMO-TV, KING-TV, KIRO-TV, and KCPQ-TV; and various radio stations.
Lynnwood opened its municipal library in 1971, contracting services to the regional Sno-Isle Libraries district. The library is the most-visited in the system, which serves most of Snohomish and Island counties, with 504,000 annual visits as of 2012. Lynnwood residents voted in 2006 to be annexed into the Sno-Isle Libraries district, also approving an expansion and modernization that took place in 2013.
Historical preservation
Lynnwood has one property listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP): Keeler's Korner, an automobile service station built in 1927 on Highway 99 at 164th Street Southwest.
The Alderwood Manor Heritage Association was formed in 1991 after the demolition of the oldest home in Alderwood Manor, located east of Lynnwood city limits. The preservation group succeeded in saving other early 20th century homes that were slated for demolition during a highway expansion, moving them to a new, city-owned park. The $1.8 million Heritage Park, opened in 2004, includes the Tudor-style, timber-framed Wickers Building, originally built in 1919; a cottage built for the Alderwood Manor superintendent in 1917; and a restored Interurban trolley car.
The city has two other buildings determined to be eligible for a NRHP listing: the Masonic Temple, built in 1921; and a former schoolhouse built in 1917. Both buildings are located near the city center southwest of Alderwood Mall.
Notable people
Notable people from Lynnwood include:
- Kenneth Bae, missionary and North Korean prisoner
- Randy Couture, UFC/MMA fighter and actor
- Paul Kenneth Keller, serial arsonist
- Tom McGrath, animator and film director
- Travis Snider, professional baseball player
- Layne Staley, rock musician
Infrastructure
Transportation
Lynnwood is located at the northern junction of Interstate 5 and Interstate 405, the two primary north-south freeways in the Seattle metropolitan area. Interstate 5 continues south to Downtown Seattle, and north to Everett and Vancouver, British Columbia; Interstate 405 continues south to Bellevue and the Eastside, and north to Mukilteo as State Route 525. Lynnwood has two additional state highways: State Route 99, running north to Everett and south to Seattle; and State Route 524, connecting to Edmonds in the west as 196th Street Southwest.
Public transportation in Lynnwood is provided by Community Transit, which serves most of Snohomish County, and Sound Transit, the regional system serving the entire metropolitan area. Most bus service in Lynnwood is concentrated at hubs, including the Lynnwood Transit Center, Ash Way Park and Ride, and Edmonds Community College. Community Transit operates local routes, including Swift bus rapid transit on State Route 99, and peak-only commuter service to Downtown Seattle and the University of Washington. Sound Transit operates all-day express service from Lynnwood Transit Center and Ash Way Park and Ride to Downtown Seattle and Downtown Bellevue. In 2023, Sound Transit will begin operating Link light rail service to Lynnwood Transit Center, connecting it to Downtown Seattle and the Bellevue-Redmond area. Light rail service is planned to be extended north to Downtown Everett, via Ash Way and Paine Field, in 2036.
Utilities
Electric power in Lynnwood is provided by the Snohomish County Public Utility District (PUD), a consumer-owned public utility that serves all of Snohomish County. Puget Sound Energy provides natural gas service to the city; Lynnwood is also the terminus of a minor gas pipeline operated by the Northwest Pipeline Company.
The City of Lynnwood provides municipal tap water service, sourced from Everett's Spada Lake Reservoir, as well as sanitary sewer and wastewater treatment. The city's wastewater treatment plant treats 5 million gallons per day (19,000 m3) that is discharged into Puget Sound. The unincorporated areas surrounding Lynnwood to the north and east are served by the Alderwood Water District; the district also operates an artesian well in northern Lynnwood that has gained popularity for its quality. The city contracts with Republic Services and Waste Management for garbage, recycling, and yard waste disposal.
Health care
Lynnwood does not have any general hospitals, but is located near the Edmonds branch of Swedish Medical Center, formerly known as Stevens Hospital. The city has several community and specialty clinics operated by regional healthcare providers, including the Community Health Center of Snohomish County, Virginia Mason, and The Everett Clinic.
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